Update on Lyme disease

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Published: Aug 1, 2021
Keywords:
Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, Ixodes ricinus, tick bites

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Jarendy Cortes Franco
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana
Andrea Merlín López
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana
Yeritzia Morales Jaimes
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana
Juliana Sared Palafox Hernández
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana
Jesús G. Rodríguez Diego
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana
Javier L. Olivares Orozco
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana

Abstract

With the aim of performing a bibliographic update on Lyme disease, the information sources Academic Search Complete (EBSCO), Scopus and Web of Science were consulted from 2000 to 2021. The following descriptors "Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, Ixodes ricinus and tick bites" were used as a search strategy. The information obtained showed that the first cases of the disease have been known in Mexico since 1991.Currently within the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl) complex, 19 genome-species are recognized: B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (Bbs), B. garinii, B. afzelii, B. valaisiana, B. lusitaniae, B. spielmani, B. bissettii, B. bavariensis, B. japonica, B. andersonii, B. tanuki, B. turdi, B. sinica, B. californiensis, B. yangtze, B. carolinensis, B. americana, B. kurtenbachii, and B. finlandensis. The first eight are considered pathogenic to humans. In North America, B. burgdorferi is mainly transmitted by I. scapularis and I. pacificus, while I. ricinus and I. persulcatus are recognized as vectors in Europe and Asia. Several species of the genus (I. affinis, I. pararicinus, I. ricinus, and I. boliviensis), as well as the genus Amblyomma have been described as vectors in Peru. Reservoirs of the disease include mice Peromyscus leucopus and Apodemus leucopus, as well as white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Three stages of the disease are recognized: early localized, early disseminated and late. Diagnosis depends on test results and the presence of clinical manifestations; in addition, ELISA and real-time PCR techniques are effective in diagnosis. The antibiotics amoxicillin, doxycycline and ceftriaxone are effective in the treatment. In late 2020, a vaccine in trial phase was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for testing in humans. Phase 1 clinical trial began in late February 2021 in the state of Nebraska using 66 individuals.

Article Details

How to Cite
1.
Cortes Franco J, Merlín López A, Morales Jaimes Y, Palafox Hernández JS, Rodríguez Diego JG, Olivares Orozco JL. Update on Lyme disease. Rev. Salud Anim. [Internet]. 2021 Aug. 1 [cited 2024 Nov. 24];43(2). Available from: https://revistas.censa.edu.cu/index.php/RSA/article/view/1157
Issue
Vol. 43 No. 2 (2021): mayo-agosto
Section
ARTÍCULOS RESEÑA
National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA)

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