Tomato leaf miner: oviposition pattern and larval survival on three tomato cultivars
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Abstract
Understanding the behaviour and biological parameters of insect pests helps enhance the benefits of resistant cultivars within integrate management programs. In semi-controlled conditions, the non-preference effect measured by oviposition pattern, as well as antibiosis effect measured by larval survival of the pest Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) were assessed on three tomato cultivars, ‘Vyta’ from Cuba and ‘Santa Clara’ and ‘TOM 687’ from Brazil. Adult females laid eggs on plants during 96 h, and the larvae were allowed to feed on the tomato leaves for ten days. The number of eggs and active larvae on each plant stratum (i.e., upper, middle, and lower) were counted in the treatments with combined or non-combined tomato cultivars. Based on results, T. absoluta preferred the upper and middle strata of the plants to lay the highest number of eggs, mainly when the cultivars were combined. Also, higher numbers of active larvae used those strata for feeding. Cuban cultivar ‘Vyta’ had a similar response to Brazilian cultivar ‘TOM 687’ in relation to the parameters evaluated. However, this cultivar was less preferred by TLM females for oviposition when it was in combination with Santa Clara and TOM 687. Cultivar combination influenced only TOM 687 and Santa Clara, which suggests that Vyta has characteristics that confer it some level of resistance against this important pest. This insect behaviour is an indicator to be taken into account when sampling T. absoluta. Tomato cultivar ‘Vyta’ could be considered an alternative to mitigate the impact of T. absoluta damages in Cuba.
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